With osteochondrosis of the spine, bone tissue and cartilage of one or more spine departments are destroyed.This disease is chronic and develops in almost all the elderly.This is due to the usual aging of the body.
The intervertebral discs are subject to atrophic changes, and at what age this will occur depends on many factors:
- injuries;
- Diseases and congestion of the spine.
The spinal overload belongs to:
- Walking with a curved back;
- improper place;
- Characteristics of the structure of the spinal column;
- Insufficient nutrition of the spine tissue due to hereditary abnormalities.
With osteochondrosis, the core located between the vertebrates loses part of the water.Because of this, metabolic disorders are disturbed in the nuclei and various minerals and vitamins are difficult to use.
After some time, the cracks appear on the disk, it becomes flat.Next, nearby joints and ligaments begin to be affected, forming inflammation of the tissue.Due to inflammation, a displacement of neighboring vertebrae occurs.This is dangerous for the appearance of radicular symptoms: pain along the affected nerve.
The appearance of intervertebral hernia is also possible, and, in turn, can provoke compression of the spinal cord.Osteochondrosis is characterized by the appearance of osteophytes - bone growth in vertebral bodies.These growth can squeeze the spinal cord and cause Rooseer syndrome.
Most often, parts of the cervix and middle are subjected to osteochondrosis.
Cervical osteochondrosis
Reasons:
- sports activities (severe athletics);
- Excess weight;
- metabolic violations;
- Sitting work (programmers, accountants, managers, etc.);
- flat feet;
- Spine injuries;
- Hypothermia.
Symptoms
The main symptoms of cervical spine osteochondrosis are head and neck pain.The person is concerned about severe headaches, neck pain, giving in hand, sternum pain.The patient can complain of shelter - the appearance of a sharp neck pain, a muscle muscle spasm and limiting movement.
Also, a person can hear a crisis when turning his neck.Due to the point of the nerves and blood vessels, a person may have a numbness of the tongue and fingertips.The patient will complain of a hearing and vision decline, increased blood pressure and weakness in the muscles of the arms and legs.
Thoracic osteochondrosis
This type of osteochondrosis is quite rare.This is due to the anatomical structure of the spine of the chest.It consists of 12 beads, which are connected to the ribs due to the joints.In front of the ribs are connected by the sternum.Thus, a great frame of the spine, sternum and ribs is created, which protects the internal organs from various injuries.
The vertebrae of the chest region has a small height and long spicy processes above the other, like a plate.Because of this structure, this spine is a small mobility.The intervertebral discs of the thoracic region are rarely injured.
Reasons for the formation of this type of osteochondrosis:
- irrational load distribution;
- delay in the diet of intervertebral discs;
- Sitting work;
- The presence of scoliosis.
Symptoms
As with other types, the main symptom of osteochondrosis of the thoracic region is pain.
But with thoracic osteochondrosis, the pain can be different.Dorsalgia - long discomfort and poor pain along the chest vertebrae.Pain can affect the cervical and lumbar areas.
Dorsago is one of the signs of osteochondrosis of the chest region, in which the pain appears in the form of an attack.By nature, it is intense, acute, leads to difficulty breathing, leading to limiting muscle movements.In addition to pain, patients may have a feeling of numbness in the chest, damaging sexual function, heart pain, kidneys and stomach.
Why is damage in the chest region dangerous?
The vertebral column is regulated so that in the chest of the thoracic narrowing, so that the hernias that occur due to osteochondrosis quickly lead to compression of the spinal cord.This will easily lead to problems from the heart, pancreas, liver and kidneys, because the chest region is associated with all these organs of nerve fibers.That is why it is very important to consult a doctor on time.It will help to find out where the signs of osteochondrosis that bother you and you will do competent treatment of the disease came.
Lumbar osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine occurs due to the severity of the elevation.Normally, at the center of the intervertebral disc is a nucleus containing a large amount of water.Due to the fluid, the essence becomes a little compressed, and 500 kg will be compressed for its rest.
However, the disk hit by osteochondrosis becomes weaker, and only 200 kg will be needed to break it down.If a person weighing 70 kg removes 15 kg load in a bent position, and for the spine this is a 200 kg load, the intervertebral disc can explode.This is why the first symptoms of osteochondrosis of the spine manifest when you raise severity.
Symptoms
- lumbar pain;
- the inability to move to the lower back;
- damaged sleep;
- nervousness;
- fatigue;
- the inability to make home needs;
- Reduce sexual function to men;
- menstrual cycle violation;
- Cold foot syndrome.
In the passage of osteochondrosis in the sacral region, the patient has kidney pain and urination.
Troubleshooting
The treatment of osteochondrosis is performed by a neurologist.To begin with, it examines the spinal column, paying attention to the presence of scoliosis.After feeling, the doctor will be able to understand how amazed the spinal column, tendons and nerves.
Once the neurologist will suspect the osteochondrosis of the spine, he will direct the patient for additional examination.This includes the passage of radiological examination, the image of magnets resonance.In case of suspicion of destroying the intervertebral disc, the discography is performed.Also described to determine the extent of damage to the nerve trails.
In general, the diagnosis of "spinal osteochondrosis" is very difficult.After all, a person may complain of heart pain, liver, kidneys, pancreas or sexual dysfunction.But yet, after careful examination, an experienced doctor will be able to suspect the disease and prescribe the correct treatment.
Treatment
Osteochondrosis therapy is a very long and severe process.In the acute period, the patient needs peace of the affected segment.If the cervical department is affected, then the patient should wear a fixed chant collar.If the lumbar region hurts, the patient needs bed rest.It is better to put the patient in a hospital.Only there will he be able to fully observe the designated regime.The bed of such a patient should be difficult.To do this, place a wooden shield under the mattress.
Treatment
As mentioned above, the main symptom of the disease is pain.Therefore, an analgesic is prescribed to the patient to relieve pain and other symptoms of osteochondrosis.
Anti -inflammatory drugs are also prescribed.
Unfortunately, prolonged use of these medicines causes damage to the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract and the patient has the following symptoms:
- nausea;
- vomiting;
- stomach pain;
- Feeling in the stomach.
The stomach ulcer can also exacerbate or appear stomach bleeding.Therefore, before using these medicines, you should consult a doctor.If the pain caused by osteochondrosis lasts 3 months, antidepressants are prescribed along with these medicines.It is proven that in addition to a soothing effect, they are able to reduce pain.
All of the above medicines can be attributed to symptomatic therapy.They will help relieve pain, but will not save a person from the disease itself.
To restore intervertebral discs and cartilage, chondroprotectors are determined.These medicines improve metabolism in connective tissue and contribute to cartilage restoration.The drug requires a long period of time, on average - 4 - 6 months.
In addition to restoring tissues and improving metabolism in them, these medicines also have an analgesic effect.Another group of medicines needed for spinal osteochondrosis are medicines that improve blood circulation.Their use contributes to the expansion of blood vessels, and if antioxidant preparations are taken in combination with them, then nerve cell metabolism will improve in humans.
As with any disease, patients need calcium preparation.It will restore bone tissue activity, increase the strength of the ligaments and tendons, and will also become a prevention of osteoporosis - a disease that accompanies osteochondrosis.
Physical education
The dosed load on the spinal column will improve the patient's condition.But you have to perform exercises extremely carefully.In the acute period, the classes of physical education are contraindicated.Only with the reduction of pain can it start to engage a little.
Exercises will improve blood circulation in the back, strengthen the muscles.Due to the blood flow, metabolism will improve and the restoration of damaged intervertebral discs will begin.But we must also remember that classes should be kept regularly, otherwise there will be no result.
Exercises for damage to the cervical region
- Lie on your back and run.Put one hand in the stomach, and the second on the chest and breathe, grab your breath for 10 minutes, then take out and rest.The duration of the exercise is 3 - 5 minutes.On the day you need to perform 3-5 times.
- Lie on your stomach and run your feet.Based on the stomach and foot, you need to raise the upper head and chest.Exercise do 3 - 5 minutes with a 30 -second interval.
- Lie on your back and bend your knees.In this position, return to the right and left side.Exercise do 3 - 5 minutes with a 30 -second interval.
Exercises for damage to the chest region
- I lie down in my stomach.Place your hands on the floor and bend again.Hold in this position for 5 -10 seconds.Exercise do 3 - 5 minutes with a 20 -second interval.
- Lie on your back.Raise your head and legs up ("boat").Lies for 10-20 seconds.Exercise do 3 - 5 minutes with a 20 -second interval.
Lumbari damage exercises
- Lie on your back, bend your knees and press them on your chest.Swing back and forth and roll from back to sacrum and back.Swing up to 2 minutes.Then you have to lie down calmly and rest.
- It is necessary to stand on all four sides and bend as much as possible.Exercise do 3 - 5 minutes with a 20 -second interval.
- In a standing position, imagine that turn of the foot for 2 - 3 minutes.Exercise perform 10 times a day.
Surgical treatment
In the absence of the effect of conservative treatment and the appearance of complications of osteochondrosis, surgical treatment is prescribed.During surgery, the spine stabilization is performed, the pressure in the spinal cord and roots is eliminated.If a person has an intervertebral hernia, he is removed.Since performing this surgery, spinal cord damage and nerves is possible, it is performed only according to life indications.
Physiotherapeutic treatment
The appointment of physiotherapeutic procedures positively affects the course of the disease and accelerates the recovery process.With osteochondrosis, allowed:
- Visiting a sauna or bath;
- swimming in the pool;
- massage;
- paraffin therapy;
- manual therapy;
- Laser therapy;
- Different baths;
- mud;
- electrophoresis with anti -inflammatory or relaxing muscle medicines;
- magnetotherapy;
- D 'Arsonval.
All of these procedures improve blood circulation in the diseased area, allow you to rest in the muscles and relax the whole organism.Physiotherapeutic procedures are prescribed in the rehabilitation period when the patient is not disturbed by severe pain.
PREVENTION
No one is safe from osteochondrosis.After all, we are all aging, and with us all our body is aging.In order for the disease not to destroy your plans, you still have to play sport from youth.Moderate physical activity helps improve blood circulation, normal metabolism.In addition, it trains the muscles that protect the spinal column.To prevent osteochondrosis, everyone should:
- Correct nutrition - vitamins and minerals needed for the body;
- abandon bad habits;
- engages in physical education;
- Do not stop;
- Protect your back from hypothermia;
- Do not freeze very heavy objects;
- Take a contrast shower and harden;
- Avoid stress.
Essentially it is especially important for people who suffer from this disease to follow all the recommendations because their failure to agree with an irritation.When back pain, which does not pass for a long time, it is necessary to seek help from a specialist.Only a doctor will be able to make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe treatment.
Do not tighten with a visit to the clinic because it is best to treat the disease in the early stages.Also, do not yourself -My - any medicine has its contraindications that you may not know about.Strictly observe all the doctor's recommendations and then the disease will soon withdraw!